The Role of VDR Gene Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Supplementation

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The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear transcriptional regulator that activates by binding to 1a,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1a,25(OH)2D), known as calcitriol, which forms a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor (RXR). Calcitriol signalling regulates various biological functions, including calcium and metabolism of phosphorous as well as parathormones, cell proliferation, and the regulation of adaptive and innate immunity.

A T > C base modification in the promoter region of VDR variant rs11568820 eliminates the binding site for the transcription factor Cdx2 downstream of exon 1e. This causes to the production of a lower amount of protein and decreased transcriptional activity. The F allele of this variant is found at a high frequency among Asians and Europeans and at a lower frequency in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The results of this study improve our understanding of the role VDR gene polymorphisms can play in influencing the response to diet supplementation with calcium calcitriol. The carriers of the TaqI polymorphism, as well as the FF genotype of Visit This Link the FokI polymorphism have higher transcriptional activation of VDR and are associated with higher calcium absorption and bone mineral density, and a decrease in the risk of fractures [34, 35[34, 35]. Further research using an unbiased design is required to increase our understanding of how these genetic variants influence vitamin D supplementation as well as its clinical importance.